CENTRIFUGAL AND AXIAL FLOW COMPRESSORS

Posted by On September 13, 2018 0 Comment

 

 

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CENTRIFUGAL AND AXIAL FLOW COMPRESSORS

Sr. No. ASPECT CENTRIFUGAL

COMPRESSOR

 AXIAL FLOW

COMPRESSOR
1. Flow direction Flow is axial at inlet and  radial at the outlet.  Both at inlet as well as at outlet, flow is in the axial direction
2. Maintenance requirement Requires less maintenance.  Heavy maintenance is required.
3. Running cost Running cost is low. It has high running cost.
4. Pressure ratio per stage  It has a higher pressure ratio per stage. It is 4.5:1.  The pressure ratio per stage is lower. It is 1.2:1.
5. Stage One stage consists of an impeller (rotating element) and a diffuser (stationary element)  Each stage has one rotor and one stater. A rotor has a set of rotating blades. These blades accelerate the gas flow. A stater has a set of stationary blades. These stationary blades convert the velocity energy obtained in the rotor to pressure energy. Needless to say, it is very similar to the impeller – diffuser combination of the centrifugal compressor.
6. Flow type Flow is a continuous flow.  It also has continuous flow.
7. Efficiency It has high efficiency at all loads. Its efficiency is high only at full loads.
8. Starting torque Requires low starting torque.  High starting torque is required.
9. Frontal area requirement For certain mass flow rate, it requires large frontal area.  It requires small frontal area for certain mass flow rate, .
10. Cost It is easy to manufacture and hence initial investment is less.  Manufacturing is difficult and hence initial investment is high.
11. Weight It is light weight. It is heavy weight unit.
12.  Number of stages  Suitable for a smaller number of stages because large pressure loss per stage.  Large number of stages are favorable because there is lesser  pressure loss in a stage.
13. Efficiency Its efficiency is quite high even at partial loads.  Efficiency decreases sharply  at partial loads.
14. Applications These are suitable as superchargers in internal combustion engines. These are suitable for jet engines, turbines and power plants.
15. Direction of flow Flow direction changes from inlet to outlet. There is no change in flow direction as it  remains axial throughout.